Drug Development Timelines + Stage Gates

Aggressive but achievable.
For programs that plan CMC from day one.

Modality-specific program timelines, 11 universal stage gates with detailed Go/No-Go criteria, and program plans cross-mapped to CTD sections — so every deliverable has an owner, a phase, and a regulatory basis.

3
Modalities
11
Stage Gates
572
SM Tasks Mapped
~8–9 yr
Structured Program

The Value of Early CMC Planning

A structured program runs 2–4 years faster than the industry average.

Industry programs average 10–15 years from discovery to approval. The timelines below are aggressive but achievable — for programs where CMC requirements are understood early, deliverables are planned by phase, and gate decisions are made on evidence.

~8–9 yr structured program  ·  vs.  ·  10–15 yr industry average

The gap closes when CMC is treated as a strategic discipline from Day 1 — not a filing exercise at the end. Every gate in this framework exists to confirm readiness before commitment, prevent late-phase surprises, and keep programs on the critical path.

Small Molecule

Conventional & complex synthetics — NDA pathway.

20 stages · 6 phases · 21 gates · 572 cross-mapped tasks · IND through NDA
Phase 1

Discovery

Our target
18 mo
Industry avg
18–24 mo avg

Target identification, validation, lead discovery, and lead optimization. G0 through G4 gates. Development candidate nomination triggers pre-clinical phase.

4 stagesG0 – G47 criteria
Phase 2

Pre-Clinical

Our target
24 mo
Industry avg
30–36 mo avg

Pre-formulation, formulation development, PK/PD, definitive GLP toxicology, GMP Drug Substance and Drug Product manufacturing, IND preparation and submission.

9 stagesG5 gateIND
Phase 3

Clinical Development

Ph1 target
14–18 mo
vs. ~25 mo
Ph2 target
24 mo
vs. ~43 mo
Ph3 target
30 mo
vs. ~40 mo

Clinical start-up, Phase I SAD/MAD, Phase II dose finding and EOP2, Phase III pivotal with concurrent PPQ manufacturing and CMC update submissions.

5 stagesG6 – G8EOP2

Phase 4 — NDA Review & Registration → Phase 5 — Commercial Readiness

Pre-NDA meeting, eCTD submission, FDA review (PDUFA), Pre-Approval Inspection, labeling negotiation, approval, commercial technology transfer, PPQ Stage 2, and launch.

6–10 mo
FDA review
21 gates
G0 – G10
NDA
Pathway
~9 yr total (structured program)
vs. 10–15 yr industry average — for programs that plan CMC from day one
Cell Therapy

Autologous & allogeneic cell products — BLA pathway.

16 stages · 6 phases · 15 gates · BLA through commercialization
Phase 1

Discovery

Our target
6 mo

Disease rationale, cell therapy strategy, regulatory classification gate, construct selection, and process concept design. Shorter than SM due to targeted starting biology.

2 stagesG0 – G25 criteria
Phase 2

Manufacturing Process Development

Our target
24 mo
Industry avg
30–36 mo avg

Cell collection and donor eligibility, cell processing and engineering, analytical method development, pre-clinical pharmacology and toxicology, CDMO selection, GMP manufacturing, and IND preparation.

7 stagesG3 – G5IND
Phase 3

Clinical Development

Ph1/2 target
24 mo
vs. ~37 mo
Pivotal target
28 mo
vs. ~32 mo

Cell therapy typically combines Phase I/II into a single study. Pivotal concurrent with commercial process validation. BLA preparation overlaps Phase 3.

3 stagesG6 – G8BLA

Phase 4 — BLA Review → Phase 5–6 — Commercial & Long-Term Follow-Up

Pre-BLA meeting, BLA submission, FDA review (PDUFA 6–10 mo), PAI, approval, commercial manufacturing ramp, and post-marketing LTFU per FDA RMAT and breakthrough therapy expectations.

6–10 mo
FDA review
15 gates
G0 – G10
BLA
Pathway
~8 yr total (structured program)
vs. 10–15 yr industry average — benefits from RMAT/Breakthrough designation in eligible programs
Gene Therapy

Viral vectors & gene editing constructs — BLA pathway.

16 stages · 6 phases · 15 gates + modality decision gate · BLA through commercialization
Phase 1

Discovery

Our target
6 mo

Target and disease biology, therapeutic strategy gate, modality decision gate (viral vector vs. oligonucleotide), lead vector construct selection, and pre-clinical pharmacology and biodistribution.

2 stagesG0 – G2Modality gate
Phase 2

Vector Production & Process Development

Our target
36 mo
Industry avg
~50 mo avg

Production system development, GLP toxicology (long pole — biodistribution, genotoxicity), CDMO selection, and GMP viral vector manufacturing. Longest phase due to unique gene therapy vector biology.

6 stagesG3 – G5IND
Phase 3

Clinical Development

Ph1/2 target
28 mo
vs. ~42 mo
Pivotal target
28 mo
vs. ~32 mo

Benefits from RMAT/PRIME designation and rare disease populations with smaller, faster-enrolling trial designs. Pivotal concurrent with commercial process validation. Long-term follow-up (LTFU) per FDA guidance.

3 stagesG6 – G8BLALTFU

Phase 4 — BLA Review → Phase 5–6 — Commercial & Long-Term Surveillance

Pre-BLA meeting, BLA submission, FDA review, PAI, approval, commercial vector manufacturing ramp, and mandatory LTFU program (typically 15 years per FDA gene therapy guidance).

6–10 mo
FDA review
15 gates
G0 – G10
BLA
Pathway
~9 yr total (structured program)
vs. 10–15 yr industry average — clinical phases compress significantly for rare disease / high unmet need programs

Stage Gate Framework

11 universal gates — Go, Conditional-Go, or No-Go.

Every gate follows the same governance structure: internal SME readiness assessment with scored criteria, gate review meeting, documented decision with follow-on actions, and formal cross-functional sign-off. Click any gate to see the full objective, criteria, and required signatories.

How Every Gate Works

1
SME Readiness Assessment
Each functional area (CMC, QA/REG, TOX, CLIN OPS, etc.) independently scores their criteria Yes / No / Partial / N-A with risk level H/M/L and documented mitigation for any gap.
2
Gate Review Meeting
Cross-functional team reviews the scored checklist. Open items are discussed, risk-assessed, and assigned to owners with due dates. All gaps and escalations are documented.
3
Decision + Actions
Go / Conditional-Go / No-Go decision is made and documented. Conditional-Go requires specific conditions before proceeding. Actions tracked with owner and due date.
4
Formal Sign-Off
Gate record signed by functional leads from R&D, CMC, QA/REG, Clinical Ops, Toxicology, and Executive sponsor. Becomes the auditable gate record for the program.
✓ Go — All criteria met, program advances
◑ Conditional-Go — Advances with documented conditions
✗ No-Go — Program paused or terminated

What's in the Detailed Program Plan

More than a schedule. A regulatory-mapped execution system.

The program plan request delivers a modality-specific stage-gate schedule and gate checklist. The full program plan includes task-level cross-mapping, functional ownership, critical path analysis, and a Power BI-ready gate tracker — everything needed to govern a drug development program from Day 1.

572
SM tasks mapped
20
CTD sections cross-mapped
10+
Functional owners (RACI)
Power BI
Ready gate tracker
🗂️

CTD Section Cross-Mapping

Every task is mapped to the CTD/eCTD section it produces. See which tasks feed 3.2.S, 3.2.P, Module 4 (Nonclinical), or Module 5 (Clinical) — and which are IND vs. NDA deliverables.

  • 184 IND deliverables
  • 164 IND & NDA deliverables
  • 76 NDA/BLA-specific deliverables
  • 20 unique CTD sections covered
👥

Functional Ownership (RACI)

Each task has an assigned functional owner — CMC, QA/REG, TOX, QC, CLIN OPS, MSAT, MFG, SUPPLY CHAIN, PM, R&D, and more. Ready to load into your project governance system.

  • CMC: 60 tasks · QA/REG: 63 tasks
  • TOX: 48 tasks · QC: 49 tasks
  • CLIN OPS: 46 tasks · R&D: 49 tasks
📊

Power BI Gate Tracker

The gate checklist workbook includes a PowerBI_GateTracker tab — a flat table with one row per gate criterion, ready to connect directly to your Power BI dataset for live gate readiness dashboards.

  • One row per criterion with status
  • Risk (H/M/L) and mitigation fields
  • Gate UID, area, and owner columns
  • Feeds directly into PMO Performance dashboards

Critical Path Analysis

Every task includes Total Slack (days) and an On Critical Path flag. Long-pole tasks are pre-identified — carcinogenicity studies, pivotal enrollment, stability programs — so teams know where schedule risk lives.

  • Forward/backward CPM pass modeled
  • Total Slack calculated per task
  • Elapsed-duration overlays for clinical phases
  • Predecessor logic (Finish-to-Start)
📋

Gate Checklists with Full Criteria

21 gate checklists for Small Molecule (686 total criteria), 15 for Cell Therapy (492 criteria), and 15 for Gene Therapy (489 criteria) — each mapped to regulatory source and CTD section.

  • Go / Conditional-Go / No-Go format
  • Risk, mitigation, and action fields
  • Functional signatory requirements
  • Auditable gate record format
📅

Definition of Done per Task

Every task includes a Definition of Done — the specific, verifiable output or condition that constitutes completion. Eliminates ambiguity at gate reviews and provides the basis for quality audit trails.

  • Verifiable completion criteria per task
  • Links to regulatory expectation
  • Basis for gate evidence packages
  • Auditable program history

Request your modality-specific program plan

Submit your program information and receive the stage-gate schedule and gate checklist for your modality. Detailed task-level durations and costs are available through engagement.

Request My Program Plan →

Start With the Right Foundation

Know the requirements. Plan the timeline. Govern every gate. File with confidence.

The CMC Navigator gives you phase-graded requirements for all 77 CTD Module 3 sections. The program plan gives you the schedule, gates, and cross-mapping. Together they replace reactive CMC discovery with structured, aggressive-but-achievable execution.